Available Standalone House seen from the north: the roof is covered with grass, stack integrated with a windmill with a vertical axis of rotation, and the garage connected to the built-in entrance area has a terrace pergola.
Viewing unusual house design, the construction and operation does not degrade the environment. While this sounds like utopia, both the authority of the creators of the concept (which include experts nice house) and the fact that it has been recognized for the best ecological project in 2011, led us to the present. The authors house called "Autonomous House available".
The idea of autonomous houses arose as a result of reflection on the impact of our lifestyle on the environment. We are accustomed to the idea that environmental degradation is primarily a result of the industry. It certainly improves our mood, but do not absolve us of responsibility for the environment.
Our stand-alone house is available almost zero demand for energy from non-renewable sources, and a small investment in improving energy standard guarantee its availability.
Foundations
Selecting the way to the foundation of the Autonomous Accessible House is not as obvious as it seems.
The most popular method of foundation of a detached house on the benches of concrete in terms of strength is checked only when the foundation level is a little ground support. If it is not, we must reckon with the costly replacement or you can equally expensive foundations on piles or wells.
But there is a bigger problem, which was so far completely overlooked by designers. Well, the traditional foundation is one big heat sink, which transfers heat to the ground coming out of the house through the walls of the ground floor and the floor plate. This situation does not change even very good insulation from the outside of the foundation walls and the entire surface of the floor on the ground.
However, while the "cold" homes, or those that are built in accordance with the Polish extremely mild in terms of energy requirements (although recognized by the legislature to be reasonable), maybe this is not especially critical, so much energy in homes that huge thermal bridge - which is the traditional foundation - can no longer be ignored.
Therefore, if we can not afford - because of the enormous and ever-increasing costs of heating - the building of the government's "rationality", especially if we want the house was available commercially within the meaning of the lowest total costs of construction and operation, it is the classic foundation system foundation should be excluded.
The foundation plate. The only "legitimate" option is here reinforced concrete slab, made a sound insulation of solid polystyrene panels. An additional advantage of such a disc is that because of its large surface area, and thus a small pressure on the substrate, can be put on the house as non-load bearing on the land, and therefore usually cheaper.
The baseplate has another advantage - you can insert the tube underfloor heating, which will reduce the cost of investment. In addition, the same tube can we ensure a comfortable and free air conditioning in the summer.
The traditional foundation of a powerful thermal bridge! Let us try to determine the heat loss through the traditional foundation. According to the standard, the coefficient of heat loss through the floor and walls of the contact with the floor foundation wall is 0.8 W / (mK). Assuming that the jury and the foundation walls (external and internal) are at home on the ground floor area of 100 m2 approximately 50 meters in length, we obtain a value of 0.8 × 50 = 40 W / K, which means that we need each year until 3750 kWh of heat to cover these losses.
Even for homes built in an extremely energy-intensive energy standard (as defined in the technical conditions to be met by buildings - in spite of obvious facts - as rational), it means that about 13% of the total energy demand for heating. It is therefore more than running it through the whole - very slightly warmed, although according to the regulations - on the ground floor.
In our house accessible Autonomous total heat demand for heating is less than the loss of the "foundation" heat bridge, which are foundation wall and bench. So it foundation system in the traditional way, on benches, in no way should be used here!
Tray heat. In our house, we need a place to land heat accumulator, harvested in the summer as a byproduct in the production of electricity in the hybrid PV-T cells.
A good place for such a tank is the ground under the building. Thanks to its high temperature can opt out of the traditional cost-effective solutions 40 cm layer of insulation on the ground floor, and settle only for 15-20 cm layer of expanded polystyrene, which is located under the floor slab, which will prevent overheating of rooms in summer by heat stored beneath the house.
Walls
The choice of the outer wall of ADD is extremely important. Firstly, because in houses they are almost half of the total envelope, and thus - account for a significant portion of the heat loss. The second - an important element of design home and must comply with the strength requirements. And thirdly - which are mounted in the windows and doors, which generates additional energy requirements of both (heat bridges) and construction (for example, the header).
The combination of all of these requirements is not easy especially because the materials with high structural strength are poor heat insulators, and vice versa - what a well-insulated, low load transfer.
A bit of history. Modern construction is in large part an attempt to reconcile the strength and insulation of exterior walls. The first ideas were, so to say, extensive. Two basic materials - wood and brick - were used in excess, when it comes to their structural characteristics, in order to better protect against heat loss. We, therefore, the wall thickness of two bricks (50 to 60 cm) and logs (20 to 40 cm), but from the point of view of the construction can be much thinner.
Author: Basement Remodeling in Chicago & Chicago Polish Maids Companies
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